高致病性人禽流感H5N1透皮疫苗促渗剂的初步筛选

Preliminary screening of different permeation enhancers in transcutaneous immunization with inactivated human highly pathogenic avian influenza vaccine

目的 初步筛选用于高致病性人禽流感H5N1透皮疫苗的较有效的促渗剂.方法 选用乙醇、丙二醇、二甲基亚砜、维甲酸、油酸作为促渗剂,将其应用于BALB/c小鼠,再用灭活的高致病性人禽流感H5N1透皮疫苗免疫小鼠,通过评价透皮免疫应答的效果对促渗剂进行初步筛选.结果 二甲基亚砜、维甲酸组和油酸组血清IgG抗体效价明显高于其他促渗剂组（P＜0.05）.结论 在高致病性人禽流感H5N1透皮疫苗的小鼠模型中,二甲基亚砜、维甲酸和油酸是较好的促渗剂.

Objective To screen the potent permeation enhancers used in transcutaneous immunization with inactivated highly pathogenic avian influenza vaccine. Methods Five different permeation enhancers, ethanol, propylene glycol, dimethyl sulfoxide, ratinoic acid, oleic acid, were used to treat the skin of BALB/c mice before transcutaneous immunization. Sera were collected before the flist transcutaneous immunization and every two weeks post immunization. The titers of influenza virus-specific humoral IgG and IgA were assayed in serum, lung and nasal lavages by ELISA. The titers of hemagglutination inhibition （ HAI）, IFN-γand IL-4 produced by splenic lymphocytes were also detected. Except that, clinical symptom of the skin in different time points and skin pathological changes were observed. Results The serum IgG titers, HAI titers and the influenza virus-specific lgA and IgG in lung and nasal lavages in the groups of HA ＋CT ＋ DMSO, HA ＋ CT ＋ RA and HA ＋ CT ＋ OA were significantly higher than those of HA and HA ＋ CT groups（ P 〈0.05）. Moreover, the numbers of splenic lymphocytes producing IFN-γ and IL-4 were increased in the above three groups than those in control groups. In addition, no evident clinical symptoms were observed, but stratum corneum of the skin in different groups showed different changes. Conclusion DMSO,RA and OA are potent permeation enhancers in mouse model inoculated with inactivated high pathogenic avian influenza vaccine transcutaneously.