安徽中部职业人群高血压健康教育干预效果评价

The Effects of Health Education Intervention on Hypertension in the Middle Area of Anhui Province

背景我国高血压患病率高,控制率低;社区干预是防治高血压的有效方法。目的了解职业人群中高血压健康教育干预的效果。方法采用整群抽样的方法,选取2008年8月在安徽省立医院健康体检中心体检的4个区81家企事业单位,对其中两个区41家单位599例高血压患者进行健康教育干预,另两区40家单位546例高血压患者作为对照,干预组定期进行单位健康宣教以及通过电话、短信平台进行个体化干预管理,随访1年。结果经过1年健康教育干预后,干预组高血压人群的高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率明显上升(分别为80.8%比59.4%,53.4%比34.4%,34.4%比14.6%;均P<0.01);血压、三酰甘油和空腹血糖水平下降[分别为(139.7±13.0)/(89.2±9.3)比(141.8±15.3)/(92.7±11.2)mmHg,(2.0±1.2)比(2.1±1.5)mmol/L,(5.1±1.1)比(5.2±1.3)mmol/L;均P<0.01];饮酒检出率下降,体育锻炼人数增多,但吸烟及超重检出率变化无统计学意义。结论通过电话及短信方式对职业人群高血压患者进行健康教育干预,可积极有效地控制高血压。

Background Hypertension has high prevalence,low control rate in China; community intervention could be an effective way to control hypertension.Objective To assess the effects of health education intervention on hypertensive population of working people.Methods Eighty-one enterprises and public institutions from four districts were selected by using cluster sampling method,and divided into two groups.Five hundred ninety-nine hypertensive cases from 41 enterprises and public institutions from two districts served as intervention group; 546 hypertensive cases from 40 enterprise and public institutions from other two districts as control group.In intervention group,regular education and intervention measures were administered for 1 year by telephone and SMS platform.Results After 1 year health education intervention,the awareness,treatment and control rates in intervention group were increased significantly（80.8% vs 59.4%,53.4% vs 34.4%,34.4%vs 14.6%; all P〈0.01）.The blood pressure,triglyceride （TG） and fasting plasma glucose （FPG） in intervention group were decreased significantly [（139.7±13.0）/（89.2±9.3）vs（141.8±15.3）/（92.7±11.2）mm Hg,（2.0±1.2）vs（2.1±1.5）mmol/L,（5.1±1.1）vs（5.2±1.3）mmol/L; all P〈0.01].The rate of alcohol drinking was decreased,while the rate of physical activities was increased; while the rates of smoking and overweight had no obvious change.Conclusion Health education intervention measures effectively increased the control rate of hypertension.