深圳市宝安区2006-2009年手足口病聚集性病例流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Clustered Cases of Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease Occurred in Bao'an District of Shenzhen City from 2006 to 2009

目的 探讨深圳市宝安区2006-2009年手足口病疫情聚集性病例的流行病学特征。方法 将深圳市宝安区2006-2009年手足口病聚集性病例资料输入Excel2003软件,运用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 深圳市宝安区2006-2009年全区共出现20起手足口病聚集性病例,每起发病例数为3～15例,共报告病例140例,其中139例为轻症病例,1例为重症病例,无死亡病例。发病时间集中在4-6月份;男性多于女性;以3～4岁组发病比例最高(71.43%),发病率也最高(1.61%);90%发生在幼儿园,10%在家中;分布6个街道,其中新安街道发病起数最多(8起)。5起聚集性病例的肠道病毒检出率为94.12%,其中肠道病毒71型检出率为58.82%,柯萨奇病毒A16型检出率为35.29%。18.57%的病例初期有轻度上呼吸道感染症状,95%的病例手、足、口腔黏膜出现斑丘疹或疱疹;26.43%的病例到医院隔离治疗,73.57%的病例回家隔离治疗。结论 深圳市宝安区手足口病聚集性病例防控重点对象是学龄前幼儿,重点地点是托幼机构,重点时间是夏季,应采取综合防控措施控制疫情。

Objective To investigate hand,foot and mouth disease（HFMD） epidemiological characteristics of clustered cases in Bao＇an District of Shenzhen city from 2006 to 2009.Method Data of HFMD of clustered cases from 2006 to 2009 was analyzed it with descriptive epidemiology using EXCEL program.Results 20 clustered cases of HFMD occurred in Bao＇an District.There were 3～15 cases in each cluster outbreak,with a total of 140 cases.139 of which were mild cases,1 of which was severe case,while no death case.The onset concentrated in April to June.It turned out that more male patients than female patients,and 3 ～4 year old group got the highest incidence ratio（71.43%）,with incidence rate of 1.61%.90% of HFMD cases occurred in kindergarten,while 10% of them occurred at home.All patients distributed in 6 streets.Xin＇an street,one of the streets,got most of the cases.The detection rate of intestinal virus was 94.12% in 5 clustered cases.The detection rate of enterovirus was 58.82%,and Coxsackie virus type A16 was 35.29%.18.57% of the patients initially had mild upper respiratory tract infection symptoms such as cough,sore throat.95% of the patients had hands,feet or oral mucosa with rash or herpes.26.43% of patients were isolated and treated in hospitals,while 73.57% were stay at home.Conclusions Prevention of clustered cases of HFMD in Bao＇an District should focus on pre-school children,childrencare institutions and in summer.It should be adopted comprehensive prevention and control measures to control epidemic.