从我国家庭教育现状透视幼儿的自我效能感

Infants' Sense of Self-efficacy under Family-educational Situation in China

自我效能感是人们对自己实现特定领域行为目标所需能力的信心或信念。自我效能感影响人们的行为选择及行为持续时间,个体对自我效能的判断决定着个体将付出多大的努力以及在遇到障碍或不愉快的经历时能坚持多久,同时也影响人们的思维模式和情感反应模式。自我效能感是个体不可或缺的一种关键经验,具有相对稳定性,早期自我效能感的发展状况影响着后期的发展结果。通过对现代家庭教育在教育观、价值观、技巧及在教育中的物质与精神的失衡、权利与义务的失衡等方面现状的分析,探讨了目前家庭教育对幼儿自我效能感的影响,在此基础上,提出了促进幼儿自我效能感的家庭教育策略。

The sense of self--efficacy is the ability and confidence of realizing scheduled aim in particular field, and it can affect people＇s action and lasting time. Individual judgement on sense of self--efficacy determines the effort one must make and lasting time when one meets some obstacles or unhappy experiences. Meanwhile, it also affects people＇s thinking model and their emotional re- sponse. The sense of self--efficacy, which in early ages could influence the later developing result, is an inevitable experience for individual and it is relatively stable. By analysing the unbalance of material and spiritual need in education on perspectives of education , value and skill, and observing the rights and obligations, the paper mainly explores the effects of current family education on infants＇ sense of self-efficacy, on the basis of which family--educational strategy on promoting infants＇ serise of self --efficacy is proposed.