3种桉属植物乙醇抽提物对爪哇根结线虫的毒杀活性

Nematicidal Activity of Ethanol Extracts from Eucalyptus Plants against Meloidogyne javanica

采用直接浸泡法,测定了桉属(Eucalyptus)植物柠檬桉(E.citriodora)、杂交桉(E.urophyla×E.grand)和尾叶桉(E.urophyla)小枝条乙醇抽提物对爪哇根结线虫(Meloidogyne javanica)卵孵化的抑制活性以及对2龄幼虫的毒杀活性。结果表明:柠檬桉、杂交桉和尾叶桉乙醇抽提物对爪哇根结线虫卵的孵化均有较强抑制活性,以20 mg/mL乙醇抽提物液处理24、48、72 h后,抑制孵化率均达94%以上;对爪哇根结线虫2龄幼虫也有较强的毒杀活性,3种桉属植物以20 mg/mL乙醇抽提物液处理2龄幼虫72 h后,线虫校正死亡率均达90%以上。将柠檬桉和杂交桉的茎、叶干粉分别拌土盆栽防治空心菜(Ipomoea aquatica)和黄瓜(Cucumis sati-vus)爪哇根结线虫病。结果表明:柠檬桉和杂交桉茎、叶干粉对爪哇根结线虫病均有较好的防治效果,植株根系的根结数、根结内雌虫数和雌虫产卵粒数均下降,植株地上部鲜质量增加,且均与对照差异显著。

Ethanol extracts from twigs of Eucalyptus plants（E.citriodora,E.urophyla×E.grand,E.urophyla） were assessed for their nematicidal activity against Meloidogyne javanica by using dipping method.The results demonstrated that all 3 plant extracts showed strong nematicidal activity against the second stage juveniles of Meloidogyne javanicaand inhibited its egg hatching;with 20 mg/mL concentration and 72 h treatment,the mortality of juveniles was about 90%.Cucumber and water spinach pot trial showed,when 15 mL Eucalyptus plants twigs powder was applied to 1 L soil,the root knot disease caused by Meloidogyne javanica could be effectively controlled,and the galls and the eggs of egg mass were reduced.