“比较优势模型”对国际教育服务贸易的适用性研究——兼论国际教育服务贸易比较优势的决定

A Study on the Applicability of Comparative Advantage Model in International Education Service Trade——A Concurrent Discussion of the Determination of the Comparative Advantages of International Education Service Trade

笔者从支持和反对两个方面梳理了"比较优势模型"对服务贸易的适用性评价,在此基础上总结出"比较优势模型"在服务贸易领域的五种主要演化形式。通过分析认为,具有一般服务贸易特征同时能够鲜明反映服务与货物本质差异的教育服务贸易,无论从贸易的基础与动力、还是贸易的模式与结果上都遵循比较优势模型的基本原理完成生产分工和产品交换。结合教育服务产品的提供水平与教育资源禀赋分布,笔者提出了决定教育服务贸易比较优势的五大关键因素。

The authors review the previous researches of CAM applicability in service trade from both pros and cons,on the basis of which the authors generalize the five main CAM evolutionary forms in service trade field.Through analysis it is held that education service trade,which has the general features of service trade and reflects the essential differences between goods and service,follows the basic principles of comparative advantage model and achieves division of labor and product exchange.According to the education service level and the distribution of education resources,the authors suggest the five key factors determining the comparative advantages of trade in educational service.