流感嗜血杆菌耐药性分析

Resistance resistance of Haemophilus influenzae

目的了解流感嗜血杆菌的耐药情况,为临床用药提供依据。方法对临床分离的154株流感嗜血杆菌,用K-B法测定其对抗菌药物的敏感性,用头孢硝噻吩纸片法测定β-内酰胺酶,所有数据用WHONET5.4软件进行分析。结果流感嗜血杆菌对复方新诺明、氨苄西林的敏感率性较差,耐药率分别是54.9%和37.7%,对环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、头孢噻肟、头孢呋辛、阿奇霉素等敏感性较好,耐药率小于10%,β-内酰胺酶阳性株对氨苄西林的耐药率明显高于阴性株的耐药率。结论氨苄西林、复方新诺明因耐药率太高而不宜用于流感嗜血杆菌的治疗,治疗流感嗜血杆菌感染可选用头孢类、喹诺酮类以及阿奇霉素等药物,且要足量、足疗程使用抗菌药物,一次性杀灭病原微生物,避免耐药菌株的产生。

Objective To investigate the resistance of Haemophilus influenzae,provide the basis for clinical medicine. Methods to detect the susceptibility to antimicrobial drugs by K-B method and β-1actamases by Nitrocefin test for 154 clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae,all of the data used WHONET5.4 Software analysis. Results Haemophilus influenzae has a lower sensi- tivity to cotrimoxazole,ampicillin and the resistance rates were 54.9% and 37.7% ,it has a higher sensitivity to ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin, cefotaxime, cefuroxime, azithromycin, etc. , their resistance rates 〈 10 % ,β lactamase positive strains＇ resistant rate to ampicillin,was significantly higher than negative strains. Conclusion ampicillin,cotrimoxazole resistance rates are too high to inappropriate treatment for Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus influenzae infection treatment can choose the quinolones, azithromycin and other drugs, and should be enough, full course of treatment using antibacterial agents,one-time kill pathogenic microorganisms, to prevent drug resistant strains.