近代中国铁路管理机构的变迁——以部局关系变动为视角(1886—1937)

Changes of Railways Administration System in Modern China—From the Respective of Relationship Between Uinistries and Bureaus(1886—1937)

在近代中国铁路管理机构变迁过程中,邮传部(交通部、铁道部)与各铁路管理局(监督局)之间关系的变动具有举足轻重的地位。鉴于以往学者对此研究不多,本文将以部、局关系变动为视角,对1886—1937年间中国铁路管理机构的变迁过程进行考察,认为部、局之间垂直隶属关系的确立,不仅为部、局、站(段)三级管理体制的建立奠定了重要基础,而且对近代中国铁路运输业发展产生了重要影响。

During the diachronic changes of railways administration system in modern China,the relationship between the Post Communication Department（the Ministry of Communications,the Ministry of Railways） and the railway bureaus（supervisory bureaus） plays a decisive role.In view of few studies on this formerly,this paper will make its effort to investigate changes of railways administration system in the years 1886 to 1937,taking the relationship changes between the ministries and the bureaus as a perspective.It comes to the conclusion that the establishment of relationship between the ministries and the bureaus not only lays foundation for the three-level administration system of ministries and bureaus and stations,but also influence the development of industry of railway transportation in modern China.