重金属对平菇菌丝生长、产量和质量的影响

Effect of Heavy Metals in Substrates on the Yield and Quality of Pleurotus ostreatus

通过在培养料中添加不同浓度的4种重金属(Pb、Cd、Hg、As),研究这些元素对平菇菌丝生长和子实体产量的影响,以及这些元素在子实体中的累积规律及其对平菇安全质量的影响。结果表明,4种重金属在较高浓度条件下,可明显抑制菌丝的生长,显著降低子实体的产量和生物学效率,同时严重影响平菇的安全质量。子实体中4种重金属的含量随其在培养料中浓度的增加而增加,根据NY/T 5095-2006中重金属限量要求,建议平菇培养料中Cd、Hg和As的浓度应分别低于0.35 mg.kg-1、1.88 mg.kg-1、4.03 mg.kg-1(湿重);根据NY/T 749-2003中重金属限量要求,建议平菇培养料中Cd、Hg和As的浓度应分别低于0.35 mg.kg-1、0.88 mg.kg-1、1.96 mg.kg-1(湿重)。

A study was executed by adding 4 kinds of heavy metals at different concentrations into the medium in order to research the effect of heavy metals（Pb,Cd,Hg and As） on the growth of mycelium and the fruit body,yield and quality of Pleurotus ostreatus and their accumulating regulations.The results showed that the 4 heavy metals at higher concentrations could have significant inhibition on the mycelium growth,reduction of the yield and biological efficiency and decline of the safety and quality of Pleurotus ostreatus fruit body.The concentrations of Pb,Cd,Hg and As in Pleurotus ostreatus fruit body increased with increasing heavy metal supplement in the medium.It suggested that the concentrations of Cd,Hg and As in culture medium for Pleurotus ostreatus should be less than 0.35 mg.kg-1,1.88 mg.kg-1 and 4.03 mg.kg-1（wet weight）,according to NY/T 5095-2006,respectively,and should be less than 0.35 mg.kg-1,0.88 mg.kg-1and 1.96 mg.kg-1（wet weight）,according to NY/T 749-2003,respectively.