住院高血压患者口服抗高血压药的使用状况分析

The Analysis of Antihypertensive Utilization in Hospitalized Patients with Hypertension

目的探讨住院高血压患者口服抗高血压药使用情况。方法收集粤东地区某大医院2010年7月1日至2010年7月31日出院的高血压病患者,通过收集患者临床资料和住院药房的出院处方资料,分析住院高血压患者抗高血压药使用状况。结果 2010年7月总共出院高血压患者777例。777例高血压患者平均使用抗高血压药1.4种。使用1种抗高血压药占68.1%、2药联合使用占24.6%、3药联合使用占6.2%、4药联合使用占0.9%、5药联合使用占0.26%。在六大类抗高血压药中,钙通道拮抗剂(CCB)、血管紧张素Ⅱ1型受体拮抗剂(ARB)、β受体拮抗剂、利尿剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)和α受体拮抗剂的使用频率分别为60.1%、30%、18.0%、14.9%、13.8%和4.4%。在单药控制高血压中,使用CCB占52.6%、ARB占22.3%、ACEI占9.1%、β受体拮抗剂占8.7%、利尿剂占5.3%、α受体拮抗剂占1.7%。在所有抗高血压药中,硝苯地平控释片使用频率最高,达26.4%。男性患者使用ACEI频率较女性患者显著升高(P<0.05);老年组在抗高血压使用种类和ARB使用频率上均分别较非老年组显著升高(P均<0.05)。结论单药使用和两种药物联合是住院高血压患者最常用的抗高血压药方案;钙通道拮抗剂是住院高血压患者最常用的抗高血压药;在所有抗高血压药中,硝苯地平控释片使用最多。

Objective To study the usage of antihypertensive in hypertensive inpatients. Method The patients with hypertension who were discharged from a hospital at Yuedong area between 1st June 2007 and 31th June 2007 were enrolled. The usage of antihypertensive was analyzed by collecting the clinical data of the patients and the data of discharge prescription in inpatients dispensary. Result A total of 777 hypertensive patients were discharged during June 2007. A average of 1.4 kinds of antihypertensive were used in all the patients, of which 68.1% were taken single drug application, 24.6% with two drugs combination, 6.2% with three drugs combination, 0.9% with four drugs combination, and 0.26% with five drugs combination. In six kinds of antihypertensive, the utilization rate of calcium channel blocker（CCB）, angiotensin II receptor blocker（ARB）,receptor antagonist, diuretic, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor（ACEI） and receptor antagonist was 60.1%, 30%, 18.0%, 14.9%, 13.8% and 4.4%, respectively. In patients with single drug application, the utilization rate of CCB, ARB, ACEI,receptor antagonist, diuretic and receptor antagonist was 52.6%, 22.3%, 9.1%, 8.7%, 5.3% and 1.7%,respectively. In all antihypertensive, nifedipine controlled release tablets was the most frequently used, with the utilization rate of 26.4%.The utilization rate of ACEI in male patients was significantly increased than that of female patients（P0.05）. The kinds of antihypertensive and the utilization rate of ARB in elder patients were dramatically increased than those of young patients（P0.05）. Conclusion Single drug administration and two drug combinations were the most common antihypertensive schemes in inpatients. CCB was the most common antihypertensive in the hospitalized patients. Nifedipine controlled release tablets was most frequently used.