光学多稳系统的相变及临界点分类

Phase Transitions in the Multi Stability Optical Systems and the Classification of Critical Points

参照朗道（Ｌａｎｄａｕ）相变理论的基本精神，研究光学多稳性系统的相变与临界现象，揭示了相变的多样性，以及多稳系统通向完全单稳状态的不同路径。多稳性的级次愈高，相变的式样也就愈多。根据临界点的稳定性准则，对临界点进行分类，并用以考察作为非平衡系统的多稳系统中多种临界现象。这种分类法对于平衡与非平衡相变的研究，均有其参考价值。

Referring to the principle of Landau′s theory on phase transitions, the varied transitions and critical phenomena in multi stable optical systems are discussed. It is demonstrated that the higher the order of the multi stability, the more varity of transitions, and shown also that the multi stable system possesses different routes to complete mono stability. A classification scheme of critical points corresponding to some transitions or bifurcation is made according to the stability criterion. This classification is useful to the study of critical phenomena, especially in non equilibrium systems including the multi stable systems.