国外黑荆树资源利用状况及我国发展的前景

The Overseas Utilization Situation of Acacia mearnsii Resources and Its Development Prospect in China

黑荆树是一种周期短、用途广、效益高的好树种。它原产于澳大利亚,现已在南美和亚洲广泛种植和利用。世界现有黑荆树人工林40多万公顷。黑荆树栲胶年产量11万多吨,占总产量的20%。本文着重介绍了南非和巴西的经验且结合国情认为我们应借鉴国外经验改变传统经营方式走发展工业人工林的道路。

Acacia mearnsii is a good tree species with short rotation, wideusage and high benefit. It Originally grows in Australia,but is widelyplanted and utilized at. present in South America and Asia. The globalfigure of Acacia mearnsii plantation amounts to more than 400 000 hectares.The annual production of tannin extract from Acacia mearnsii is more than110 000 tons, holding 20% of the total output. Acacia mearnsii was introdu-ced to China in the early 50s, but the development was slow and the con-served area is about 12 000 hectares at present. The raw material for tanninextract in China relies mainly on wild resources of mixed varieties, witha low quality and a small amount,which gravely affects the quality, costand sale of tannin extract. To develop vigorously. Acacia mearnsii couldhelp to break away from the present predicament of tannin extract produc-tion, and would have a positive role on raising the quality of product, onreducing cost and on expanding sale. China possesses large areas of landresource and climate condition suitable for planting Acacia mearnsii, and thelocal authorities are enthusiastic for it. It is suggested to draw on theexperience of other countries, to change the traditional way of manage-ment, and to adopt the way of industrialized artificial forest.