试论十六国时期胡人正统观的嬗变

The Evolution of the Orthodox Views of the Hus in the Period of the Sixteen Kingdoms

本文通过历史的纵向对比研究,指出十六国胡人正统观实现了两个方面的历史性嬗变,一是突破华夏正统观的影响与束缚,将胡人正式纳入五行次序所代表的正统序列;二是提升了中原正统观的地位与作用,使得中原地域因素超越民族因素的影响,成为十六国时期北方胡人认同王权正统地位的唯一实质性标准。这既是先秦魏晋传统正统观自身发展演变的结果,也是魏晋十六国时期胡人政治军事实力发展壮大和胡汉各族相互交融、密切互动的结果。

There were two changing aspects of the Orthodox views about the Hus in Sixteen Kingdoms period.First,the Hus powers were adapted into the system symbolized by five elements,and it is a break from traditional view that only Huaxia could be an emperor.Secondly,the view that the holder of the Central Plain could be an emperor played a greater role.The consider of region over of race became the only tangible standard by which judged the legitimacy of the ruling.It is a result of both the evolution of the orthodox views from Pro-Qin to the Wei and Jin and the combination and close interaction of the Hus and Hans while the political and military power of the Hus was gaining ground.