森林遗传资源保存的现状和策略

The Situation and Tactics of Forest Genetic Resources Conservation

综述了世界森林遗传资源保存的历史和现状,作者认为中国森林遗传资源的保存策略应为系统管理、有效保存、合理利用、丰富发展。

The history and present situation of genetic resources conserva-tion of world forest, as well as appropriate tactics of China is discussed.20 million ha. of natural reserves are delineated in China, which acco-unts for 2.08% of China's territory. The natural genes of 354 importanttree species and vegetation species are under protection, and more than 30rare and valuable tree species were put under national protection of classone to three. 13 provenances and excellent provenances, such as Chinesefir (Cunninghamia R.Br.) and Masson pine (P. massoniana) were recognizedand related communities were in situ or ex situ conserved. Besides, pro-venances or stands of 18 tree species were partially conserved, and thecontracted reserve forests amount to 34 thousand ha. 26000 phenotypes we-re selected according to phormological characters. The conserved hybridsof poplar and other broadleaves,tneir plus trees and clones genes amountto 6000, while those of introduced eucalypts, Loblolly pine (P. taeda),Slash pine (P. elliottii) are more than 400. The conservation tactics ofChina forest genetic resources is systematic administration, effective con-servation, reasonable utilization and abundant development.