文学“诗性”的语义学考察——以新时期中国文学研究为背景

The Semantic Study of "Poetic" in the Literary Research——On the Background of Chinese Literary Research in Last 30 Years

新时期中国前十年和后二十年的文学研究,出于知识社会学动机的变易,在"诗性"一词的使用兴趣和频率上呈现出鲜明反差。但三十年来"诗性"概念在文学研究中经常被随意使用,却值得注意。"诗性"概念源自维柯。中国学界关于"诗性"的大量谈论,却习惯于从海德格尔的"诗思"角度发挥。前者的认识论背景和后者的本体论背景存在着重要差异,无法简单混淆,两者对想像的不同态度有力说明了这一点。以文学语言为纽带,两种"诗性"在文学活动中才可能转化、融合。在这一点上,雅各布逊对"诗性"的使用实践可以成为我们继续探讨的起点。当不再将"诗性"望文生义理解为诗歌式特性或"诗意"等、避免让"诗性"作为名词随意接受修饰、谨慎地将"诗性"作为副词去修饰其他概念,我们才获得了合理使用"诗性"一词来研究文学的现代性学术信念。

As an important concept, ＂poetic＂ has always been misunderstood in last 30 years. This cocept roots in Vico＇s anthropological theory, but many researchers have comprehended in the significance of Heidegger＇s Existentialismus. The former rests on epistemological background, but the latter rests on ontological background. Their different attitude towards imagination powerfully proves this essential point. They can be compromised by literary language, and Jakobson provided us with the valuable starting point. Untill we attach importance to three main points, we could reasonably use this basic concept and improve the validity of interrelated academic discussion.