资本体现式和中性技术进步路径选择:基于我国制造业面板数据的实证检验

The Path of Capital Embodied and Neutral Technical Change:An Empirical Study on China's Manufacture Industry

笔者利用面板数据的回归方法分析我国制造业技术进步特征,结果显示资本体现式和中性技术进步都是制造业整体技术进步的重要来源,但资本体现式技术进步作用更稳健,产权制度和资本深化对制造业技术进步也起到正向的促进作用。按照技术属性对制造业分组采用PCSE回归方法检验,结果发现我国制造业低技术行业技术进步增长主要源于中性技术进步,而中高技术行业却取决于资本体现式技术进步和中性技术进步的共同作用。在回归方程的控制性变量中,利润率对低技术行业技术进步正向作用显著,对中高技术行业作用不明显。资产规模反向效应明显即行业资产规模越大越不利于技术进步,同时产权制度和资本深化在各组中显著正向作用保持不变,表明非国有经济发展和资本深化有利于行业技术进步。

The paper uses the panel data to analyze the characters of the manufacture industry of China,and it points out that capital embodied and neutral technical change are the important factors of technical change of manufacture industry,but technical change of industry is mainly form capital embodied technical change function.Property right institution and the level of capital deepening are to promote technical change.According to the grouping by technical change,the test of PSCE shows that technical change growth of the low technical change industry comes from neutral change,the middle and high technical change industry is from capital embodied technical change.With the controlling variables on the regression equation,the profit rate is positive to the low technical change industry,and is not noble.The scale of asset is passive to the whole industry,namely the bigger the scale of asset the more disadvantageous technical change of the industry.It also points that the property right institution and the deepening of capital are beneficial to technical change of manufacture industry.