健康宣教对社区糖尿病患者疗效的影响

Effect of health education on diabetic patients in community health service center

目的:探索糖尿病知识教育对社区糖尿病患者的疗效影响,从而提高社区糖尿病患者的治疗达标率,相对减少不必要的费用。方法:选择若干个社区卫生服务中心的糖尿病就诊患者为糖尿病知识教育对象,随机分组,设参加糖尿病知识教育的患者为研究组(100例);而不参加该糖尿病知识教育的患者,设对照组(98例),研究组每月进行听课、咨询、答卷等形式的教育;对照组每年1-2次随机获取部分知识,两组药物等治疗不改变。一年后观察空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)等。结果:研究组(自身对照):空腹血糖(FPG)值,教育后[(6.67±1.35)mmol/L]较教育前[(11.65±3.15)mmol/L]下降(P<0.01);糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)值,教育后为[(6.80±1.86)%]较教育前[(8.83±1.37)%]下降(P<0.01);对照组(自身对照):FPG值,教育后[(7.71±1.12)mmol/L]较教育前[(10.58±3.21)mmol/L]下降(P<0.01);HbA1c值,教育后为[(7.51±1.12)%]较教育前[(8.68±1.71)%]下降(P<0.01);研究组与对照组比较:FPG明显低于对照组(P<0.01);HbA1c研究组为明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。而医疗费用,研究组平均为(232±38.84)元/月,对照组平均为(222±44.86)元/月,两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:每月1～2次的糖尿病教育对糖尿病患者初步疗效确切,费用无明显增加,但合理的糖尿病教育频率有待长期观察和进一步完善。

Objective To evaluate the results of health education on diabetic patients in community health service center.To gain a better improvement in treatment goals and make clinic expense less.Method One hundred and ninety-eight patients in community health service center were randomly divided into the intervention group（n=100）and the control group（n=98）.The patients in the control group were given knowledge on diabetes mellitus 1~2 times every year;while those in the intervention group were given health interventions in the form of lecture,consulting,test paper every month.The drug therapy of the two groups did not change.Results There were significant differences between pre-and post-education in the level of fasting blood glucose（FBG）,（11.65±3.15）mmol/L vs（6.67±1.35）mmol/L,and hemoglobin of glycosylation（HbA1c）,（8.83±1.37）% vs（6.80±1.86）% in the intervention group（P0.01）.There were significant differences between pre-and post-education in the level of FBG,（10.58±3.21）mmol/L vs（7.71±1.12）mmol/L,and HbA1c,（8.68±1.71）% vs（7.51±1.12）% in the control group（P0.01）.Compared with the control group,the level of FPG（7.71±1.12）mmol/L vs（6.67±1.35）mmol/L,HbA1c（7.51±1.12）% vs（6.80±1.86）% were significantly dropped in the intervention group（P0.01）.There was no significant difference between the the control group and the intervention group in their clinic expense,（222±44.86）yuan vs（232±38.84）yuan every month（P0.05）.Conclusion The health education is effective in the diabetic patients with no more expense.A reasonable frequency of the education needs long-term observation and further improvement.