13种樟科植物叶油细胞和粘液细胞的分布和结构的比较研究

COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE DISTRIBUTION AND STRUCTURE OF OIL CELLS AND MUCILAGE CELLS IN THE LEAVES OF 13 SPECIES OF LAURACEAE

利用组织透明法、石蜡制片法和薄切片法比较研究了樟科５属１３种植物叶片中油细胞和粘液细胞的分布和结构．结果表明：５属１１种植物叶片中有油细胞分布，其形状多为圆形，体积较小且大小基本一致，ｄ３０～４５μｍ；４属８种植物叶片中有粘液细胞分布，其形状多为椭圆形，体积较大，ｄ６０～１００μｍ．根据透明叶片观察，不同植物油细胞的分布密度不同；从叶片横切面观察，有些种油细胞分布于整个叶肉中，有的分布于栅栏组织与海绵组织之间及海绵组织中，有的仅分布于栅栏组织内．粘液细胞有些种分布于整个叶肉，而有的仅分布于栅栏组织中．因此，叶片内油细胞的分布密度、油细胞和粘液细胞的分布位置及其大小在种与种之间存在明显的差异。

The oil cells and mucilage cells in the leaves of 13 species in 5 genera (Lauraceae) were comparatively studied with the methods of tissue clearing, paraffin sectioning and semi-thick sectioning. The results are obtained as follows:Oil cells distribute in the leaves of 11 species in 5 genera. Their shape is spherical and diameter is about 30～40μm. Mucilage cells distribute in the leaves of 8 species in 4 genera. The shape of most mucilage cells is ellipsoid and the length of long axis is about 60～100μm. From the observation on clearing leaf,the distributive density of oil cells is different from each other. As for the transverse section of leaf,oil cells distribute in all mesophyll in some species, in the spongy parenchyma between palisade and spongy parenchyma in some species, and only in palisade parenchyma in some other species. Mucilage cells distribute in all mesophyll in some species and only in palisade parenchyma in some other species. Above all,there are some obvious differences among species in distributive density of oil cells, in distribution places of oil cells and mucilage cells and in their sizes. Those structural characteristics are significant for the classification of Lauraceae.