演替顶极阶段森林群落优势树种分布的变动趋势研究

RESEARCH ON THE CHANGE TREND OF DOMINANT TREE POPULATION DISTRIBUTION PATTERNS DURING DEVELOPMENT PROCESS OF CLIMAX FOREST COMMUNITIES

本项研究通过对典型顶极森林群落和群落演替过程分析，表明处于演替顶极阶段顶极群落发育过程中，优势树种总体分布有由集群向随机的扩散趋势，各优势树种在此过程也由集群分布减幅波动地扩散为随机分布，而且是朝着优势树种种间联结关系和相关关系减弱的方向随机扩散。发育成熟的顶极森林群落中，优势树种的总体呈随机分布格局，各优势树种也呈随机分布格局镶嵌于总体的随机格局中。这种镶嵌形式，可使绝大多数优势树种种间联结关系和线性相关关系均达不到显著程度。该分布格局反映在成熟的顶级群落中，绝大多数优势树种个体间的相互影响很小。

Based on the synthetical analysis of a selection data from a temperate broad leaved Korean pine climax,a subtropical successional series of evergreen broad leaved forest and a tropical mountain rain forest climax,it was found that there was a change trend of the distribution pattern of all dominant tree populations from aggregation to random during the development process of forest climaxes The distribution pattern of each dominant tree population dispersing among all dominant tree populations also tended to deviate from aggregation towards random in a fluctuation form with weakening aggregation degree during the development process of forest climaxes The interspecific association and correlation between arbitrary two from all dominant tree populations tended towards weakening as the distribution pattern of each dominant tree population changes There were random patterns of individuals distribution of either all dominant population or each dominant population in a fully developed climax The individuals of each dominant population scattered over the random pattern of individuals of all dominant population The scatter form of individuals of each dominant population allowed the interspecific association and correlation of arbitrary two from most dominant populations to be not significant on statistical inference This shows that the interspecific influence between one dominant population and another dominant population was weakness,and the microenvironment that one dominant population requires was different from what another requires in a natural climax