长白红景天天然种群遗传多样性及遗传分化

GENETIC DIVERSITY AND POPULATION DIFFERENTIATION OF RHODIOLA ANGUSTA

本研究利用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术对分布于黑龙江省大海林林业局平顶山及吉林省的长白山北坡的四个海拔梯度的长白红景天的遗传多样性及遗传分化进行了初步分析，对１０个酶系统的１２个等位酶位点的分析表明，长白红景天天然种群中存在一定的遗传变异，多态位点比率Ｐ＝０．４６７，等位基因平均数Ａ＝１．４８，平均期望杂合度Ｈｅ＝０．１９５，高于与其同一分布区的高山红景天（Ｒｈ．ｓａｃｈａｌｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ）的遗传变异；长白山北坡的四个居群的遗传变异随海拔的升高基本上呈现上升趋势为其适应高海拔（低温）提供了遗传学基础，其有性生殖伴随着无性生殖方式为其维系正常种群数量提供了保障；平顶山与长白山各居群间存在着明显的遗传分化ＧＳＴ＝０．１３４而长白山的四个居群之间遗传分化很小ＧＳＴ＝０．０９１。

Genetic diversity and population differentiation of Rhodiola angusta were studied in four populations in Changbai Mountain in Jilin province and one population in Heilongjiang province using the method of horizontal starch gel electrophoresis. Allozyme data for 12 loci of 10 enzymes indicated level of genetic variability with P=0.467, A=1.48 and He=0.195, higher than Rh. sachalinensis which share the same distribution. The level of genetic variability of the four populations in Changbai Mountain increasing as the altitude rising.It provided genetic basis for adapting the habitat of high altitude and low temperature, at the same time the method of sexual reproduction accompanied by asexual reproduction ensured the number of populations. There were higher differentiation(G ST =0.134) between Pingdingshan in Heilongjiang province and the populations in Changbai Mountain, and lower between populations of Changbai Mountain (G ST =0.091).