艾滋病防治领域非政府组织参与的障碍及其解决:以云南为例

The Barriers of NGOs' Participation and Its' Solution in the Domain of HIV/AIDS Protection and Control——Taking Yunnan Province as a Case

非政府组织的参与是当前中国社会建设的重要议题。文章以云南省非政府组织参与艾滋病防治为例,通过2009年7—8月间对昆明市、瑞丽市以及个旧市的实地调研发现,非政府组织在内部治理、社会企业模式、伞状网络、志愿者动员等方面取得了诸多宝贵经验,但也存在非政府组织分布地域不均衡、资源浪费、很难获取合法身份等问题。为此,迫切需要政府采用多种措施加大宏观调控力度,首先鼓励本土非政府组织的参与,利用国际非政府组织的资金、信息和技术优势,进一步让非政府组织地域分布合理化;其次,加强对非政府组织的资源支持,通过购买服务的方式支持其可持续发展;再次,通过枢纽型非政府组织或者非政府组织联席会议制度的方式让已登记注册以及无法或不愿意登记注册的非政府组织建立公平的资源竞争和共享机制。总之,通过政府与非政府组织的合作,方能有效遏制艾滋病的蔓延,进而推动社会建设的发展。

One of the most important topics for discussion of building of society is NGO＇ s participation. Taking the NGO＇ s participation of HIV/AIDS protection and control of Yunnan province as an example, the author did the fieldwork in Kunming, Ruili and Gejiu cities from July to August 2009, and found that NGOs have much experience of organization governance, social enterprise, networking and volunteer mobilizing. At the same time, there are lots of difficulties, such as disequilibrium of region distributing, the waste of resource and difficult of registration. Therefore, government should take measures to obtain equilibrium of region distributing of NGOs. Next, government must support NGO＇ s sustainable development by purchasing of public services. Finally, government should establish resource competition and sharing mechanisms by pivotal NGOs or NGOs＇ joint meeting. In conclusion, only government works together with NGOs, can HIV/AIDS keep within limits and then promote the development of building of society.