甜味剂三氯蔗糖的合成研究

Synthesis of Sucralose Sweetener

对现有三氯蔗糖全基团保护合成路线进行了改进研究,采用蔗糖在N-甲基吗琳和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺混合溶剂中与三苯基氯甲烷反应,再经醋酐乙酰化保护蔗糖上的八个羟基,而后在氯化氢气体的作用下脱去三苯甲基,并回收三苯基氯甲烷,再以甲基异丁基酮为反应介质,在乙酸作用下发生乙酰基迁移反应,然后在甲苯体系中用三苯基氧化膦和氯化亚砜氯取代1′、6′、4位羟基,回收三苯基氧化膦,最后在甲醇和甲醇钠的体系中脱去乙酰基制得三氯蔗糖。并讨论了物料比、反应时间、反应温度、通气速度等因素对反应的影响。该路线工艺简单、昂贵原料易回收、成本低,有工业化前景。

A improved process for preparation of 4,1′,6＇-trichloro-4,1′,6＇-trideoxygalactosucrose by the chemical method was introduced.Sucrose reacted with trityl chloride in the mixture of N,N-Dimethylformamide and N-methylmorpholine,then reacted with acetic anhydride for protection of eight hydroxyl groups of sucrose,triphenylmethyl was removed under hydrogen chloride to get 4-PAS.4-PAS was dissolved in methyl isobutyl ketone and acetic acid was added,acetyl migrate was carried out to get 6-PAS.1′,6＇,4-positions of 6-PAS was chlorinated with tripheny1phosphine oxide and thionyl chloride in a solution of toluene.The byproduct,tripheny1phosphine oxide was reclaimed.At last,sucralose was gotten through de-acetylation in the mixture of methanol and sodium methoxide.Effect of reaction time,temperature,velocity of hydrogen chloride,etc.on reaction was discussed.The results show that this method is simple,the deal material is easy to be reclaimed and the cost is cheap,so this technique suits to industry.