稳产与变产果园氮磷钾差异性研究

STUDY ON THE DIFFERENCE OF NUTRIENTS IN STABLE ORCHARD AND UNSTABLE ORCHARD

以山东蓬莱曲受彭稳产园和沂源王春祯变产园的‘红富士’苹果为试材,研究了两种不同类型果园土壤和叶片年周期氮磷钾养分含量的差异。结果表明,变产园与稳产园年周期叶片的氮、磷、钾含量均呈下降趋势,以萌芽期最高,采收后最低;年周期稳产园叶片磷钾含量均高于变产园,叶片氮含量在果实第一次膨大期前变产园高于稳产园,之后稳产园显著高于变产园;从新梢旺长期到果实成熟期稳产园叶片氮磷含量维持较高水平,变幅较小,果实采收后才显著下降,而变产园在第一次果实膨大期后便迅速降至较低水平。变产园与稳产园土壤氮、钾含量变化趋势相似,两果园土壤氮、钾含量差异较小;变产园磷含量不同关键物候期变幅较大,而稳产园相对稳定。

The difference of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in Qu Shou-peng＇s stable orchard and Wang Chun-zhen＇s unstable orchard by red FuJi＇ trees were studied.The contents of N,P and K in leaves were down to low level during the annual periodic both in the two orchards.The contents of N,P and K in leaves were highest at sprouting period and lowest after harvest.The contents of P and K in leaves were higher in stable orchard than that in unstable orchard all around year.Before First Fruit rapid-swelling period,the content of N in unstable orchard was higher than thats in stable orchard,but it was contrary after First Fruit rapid-swelling period.Form new shoot growing period to Fruit maturity period,the contents of N and P in stable orchard were higher,the change was little,and the content decreased rapidly after harvest.After first Fruit rapid-swelling period the contents of N and P of unstable orchard were down to low level.The dynamic change of soil available nutrients（N and K） was the same between stable orchard and unstable orchard,and the difference between the two orchards was not obvious.The content of P in unstable orchard changed greatly between different phenophase,but it changed very little in stable orchard.