稀土永磁同步发电机外特性的向量法分析

Vector Analysis of Voltage Regulation Characteristic of Rare Earth Permanent Magnet Generators

采用双反应理论，用向量法建立了稀土永磁同步发电机外特性的数学计算模型，并定量分析了有关阻抗参数影响外特性的具体规律。计算结果表明，除了负载功率因数外，直轴电枢反应电抗对外特性的影响最大，漏阻抗对外特性的影响较小，凸极系数只在高功率因数时对外特性有较大的影响，在低功率因数时影响很小。因此，为了降低发电机的固有电压变化率，应尽量减小直轴电枢反应电抗。通过实例计算以及和样机实测结果的比较，说明了采用的计算方法简单实用，能较准确地计算外特性，为设计固有电压变化率小的稀土永磁同步发电机提供了一条途经。

The classical theory of synchronous generator, with the vector analysis, is adopted to describe the voltage regulation characteristic of rare earth permanent magnet (REPM) generators. The mathematical calculation model is established and the rule, in which the voltage regulation characteristic is affected by parameters, is discussed. The analysis shows that it is the d axis armature reactance ( X ad ), besides power factor, which has the biggest influence on the voltage regulation characteristic. It also shows that leak resistance and reactance have little influence on the intrinsic voltage regulation rate. The salient pole coefficient markedly affects the voltage regulation characteristic only with high power factor. So it is necessary to design X ad as small as possible to get low intrinsic vol tage regulation rate. The mathematical calculation model is simple and practical and has believable accuracy proved by the data comparison of calculation and test. The model is helpful to design REPM generators with small voltage regulation rate.