招隐·朝隐·归田——从《七辩》、《应间》、《归田赋》看张衡的隐逸心迹

An Analysis of Zhang Heng's True Feelings as a Hermit in Qi Bian,Ying Jian and Gui Tian Fu

《七辩》、《应间》、《归田赋》是张衡不同时期的作品,三篇文章在内容上都与隐逸相关。具体说来,《七辩》通过仿无子等7人与无为先生的对话,讲述的是招隐故事,当属于早期作品;《应间》写于作者复还史官之时,设客难己而申辩之,表达的是"聊朝隐乎柱史"的心态;而《归田赋》创作于垂暮之年,有明显的超尘绝俗之志。三篇文章十分清晰地展现了张衡从用世到隐逸的人生之路。

Qi Bian,Ying Jian and Gui Tian Fu,Zhang Heng＇s works at different phases,are all related to the theme of living in seclusion.Specifically speaking,Qi Bian,which relates a story of copying a hermit by recounting a conversation between Mr.Wuwei （nonaction）and Fang Wuzi and others,is an article of his early life;Ying Jian,an article written at the time when he resumed his office,exhibits his state of mind as an official,while Gui Tian Fu,written in old age,radiates with the ambition of avoiding earthly concerns and holding himself aloof from the vulgar.Three articles have clearly displayed Zhang Heng＇s life course from a common person to a hermit.