降水资源有效化与旱地农业

RAINFALL RESOURCES VALIDATION AND DRYLAND FARMING

本文针对旱地水资源生产潜力可控性分析，探讨了旱地农业高产的可能性，根据研制出的小雨有效化渗水地膜，提出了降水资源有效化是旱地农业突破口的观点，并建立起渗水地膜保小雨、微地形打孔集大雨和孔洞灌溉节约用水的新技术体系。经过大面积试验取得了极其显著的增产效果，从而证实了这套新技术体系的有效性。最后。

In light with controllable analysis of potentiality of water resources in semi arid area,a new type of water osmosis plastic membrane aiming at validating light rainfall (≤10?mm) was developed.It can improve vertical penetration of rainfall into soils,modify the maximum soil temperature,and facilitate soil ventilation.Meanwhile it can increase soil temperature and prevent evaporation,functioning just as conventional membrane does.The patent No. is 97115761 8.In order to improve dryland crop yield,light rainfall must be sufficiently preserved.The annual frequency of light rainfall makes up 70% in semi arid lands in China and the amount equals to 150?mm,which has great potentiality of gaining 4 5 tons of maize per hactare.Experimental plots covered with water osmosis plastic membrane showed that 1) output of winter wheat increased by 15 7% and soil water by 1-3% compared with conventional membrane, and output increased by 102 2% and soil water by 1-5% than non covered case; and 2) output of maize increased by 38 3% and soil water by 1-4 5% compared with conventional membrane,and output increased by 103% than non covered case.In order to validate heavy rainfall in dryland orchard,a kind of holing technique was developed which resulted in an increase of rainfall by 30?mm from soil depth of 40?cm to 100?cm after a rainfall event of 76 5?mm 10 days later than that of controlled case.This holing technique can also be used in irrigation.A suggestion on implementing a grand project throughout the Shanxi Province in validating rainfall with the technique was proposed.