从城市扩展到巨型都市景观:解读新的都市形态

From Urban Growth to Mega-Urban Landscape: Interpreting New Urban Forms

通过对高速都市化和工业化符号语言的分析,我们已经取得初步的研究成果。从方法论的角度来讲:符号分析需要理论和背景知识。把巨型都市区域作为一个整体景观来理解很有意义,这意味着它是一个区域内社会、文化和自然因素共同作用的结果。关于符号的形态,本文给出了清晰的理念,即岛屿与走廊式的形态和它们之间的相互转换:在都市化的最初期,景观的形态象岛屿;在都市化的第二阶段,随着空间流的建立,景观演变成走廊的形态;随着都市化的进一步发展,走廊可能会扩张,形成大的岛屿。在都市化初期,工业区和都市定居点表现为岛屿和走廊的形态,其他地区是大片的自然区域和农业地带。随着都市化的发展,自然区域和农业地带受到侵蚀,也逐渐呈现岛屿和走廊的形态。对符号意义的分析带出了景观整体性和关联性的问题,但这未必完全是负面的。因为它蕴涵了都市化和工业化进程中灵活和开发式发展的丰富机会。本文不准备讨论这种缺失整体性和关联性的景观应该如何规划,但显而易见,景观的岛屿形态和走廊形态、整体性和裂变性、有序性和灵活性之间的复杂关系,将极大地增加都市规划的难度。

The analysis of the semiotic language of high speed urbanization and industrialization has led to some tentative findings. Methodologically speaking, a semiotic analysis requires theoretical and descriptive background information. We find it useful to understand the mega-urban area as an organic landscape, which denotes the interaction of social, cultural and natural elements of the area. On semiotic forms, this paper formulates the idea that islands and corridors will change their functions. In the first period of urbanization the process takes the form of islands. In the second period, it resembles the formation of corridors. The subsequent development may be a substantial inversion. In the beginning industry and urban settlement acquire the form of islands and corridors, while in the later stage natural areas and agricultures come to take the form of islands or corridors. On the whole, the analysis of semiotic meanings reveals the tendency of integration and connectedness. However, this may not be negative, as it can provide the opportunity for flexible and open development in the process of urbanization and industrialization. This paper has not discussed the consequences of these results for urban planning. It seems evident that the dialectics of islands and corridors, integration and disintegration, flexibility and structural order may add more complexity to urban planning.