摘要
煤矸石是我国工业排弃数量最大的固体废弃物,它带来的危害是压占土地、破坏景观、污染环境。山西省作为能源重化工基地,煤矸石的堆积、污染问题尤为突出,改造任务异常艰巨。研究结果表明:煤矸石成山状堆积,仅表层10cm左右有物理风化,下层很难风化;煤矸石山可蓄一定的水分,但地表高温,养分贫瘠,特别是自燃后的矸石强酸高盐,给植被恢复带来了极大的困难;大量煤矸石山的基本出路是进行林业复垦。其适用技术体系包括:①做好水保工程,保留地表黑色风化层;②引入先锋草种、树种;③薄盖土后直播;④加强施肥、病虫害防治等管理。
Colliery waste is the most
numerous solid waste discharged byindustry in China.It occupies land ,destroys landscape,and
pollutes environment.It is without exception for shanxi province.The study results show
that:Piled colliery waste is like mountain.Physical weathering happens only within surface layer
of 10 cm or so and difficulty does under the layer;Colliery waste piles is able to store a certain
amount of water,but it is difficulty for vegetation to make a recovery because of, at the surface
layer , the high temperature,poor nutrient and especially strong acid and highvalue salts
produced by spontaneous combustion of colliery waste;Forestry reclamation is the best way of
utilizing colliery waste.The feasible operation technology systems include: conserving water
and soil,preserving black weathering layer; planting grasses or trees suitable to grow in the
area;seeding after covering the surface of colliery waste piles with a thin layer of soil; applying
fertilizer to grasses and trees and to prevent and control plant pest,etc.
出处
《山西林业科技》
1999年第1期18-21,45,共5页
Shanxi Forestry Science and Technology
关键词
煤矸石山
立地条件
林业复垦
山西
colliery
waste piles,site condition,forestry reclamation