云南慢性肾衰竭患者病因与转归分析

Clininal Analysis of the Etiology and Outcome of Patients with Chronic Renal Failure in Yunnan Province

目的探讨云南慢性肾衰竭患者的病因与转归.方法对我院2005年1月至2009年12月期间住院的436例慢性肾衰竭患者进行病因和转归的统计分析,探讨云南地区慢性肾衰竭住院患者的主要发病年龄、病因排序、疾病分期、主要并发症、治疗方式和转归.结果云南地区慢性肾衰竭住院患者以中青年(14～59岁)为主(55.5%),病因排序以慢性肾小球肾炎为主(48.4%),疾病分期以尿毒症期为主(49.54%),并发症以肾性贫血(71.1%)和肾性高血压(62.39%)为主,治疗方式以血液透析为主(50.69%).转归为:死亡64例(14.68%),死亡原因以重症肺部感染为主(28.12%).结论慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)的发病率逐年上升,并呈现进行性加重,最终发展为终末期肾病(ESRD),需行肾脏替代治疗(透析和移植),由于种种原因能够进行肾脏替代治疗的患者仅占10%～15%,因此要重视引起慢性肾衰竭常见病因的防治,减少ESRD的发生.

Objective To investigate the etiology and outcome of the patients with chronic renal failure（CRF） in Yunnan province.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of consecutive 436 patients with CRF from January 1998 to December 2005 in our hospital.The patient age,cause of the disease,staging of the disease,main complications,treatment and their outcomes were analyzed.Results In Yunnan province,the majority of CRF patients（up to 55.5%）were young and middle-aged（14～59 year）.Chronic glomerular nephritis was the main（about 48.4%）cause of CRF.The uraemia stage was the main stage of disease（49.54%）.Two main complications were renal anemia（71.1%）and renal hypertension（62.39%）.Hematodialysis was the main treatment（50.69%）.The mortality rate was 14.68%（64 cases）,and the main cause of the death was server pulmonary infection（28.12%）.Conclusions The incidence of chronic renal disease is growing,and the course is progressing and culminated with end-stage renal disease which need renal substitution therapy.However,only 10% to 15% patients accept renal substitution therapy for many reasons.Thus,it is a great task to prevent and cure the common cause which result in chronic renal failure.