上海市蔬菜品种资源研究(五)──几种易混淆蔬菜的识别(待续)

STUDIES ON RESOURCE OF VEGETABLE VARIETIES IN SHANGHAI(V)──DISTINCTIONS OF SEVERAL EASILY CONFUSED VEGETABLES

上海市栽培蔬菜种类繁多，有些蔬菜品种因其植物学性状近似，常常被人们混淆。本文通过分类对比、来源考证，对其加以区别。茴香与莳萝是伞形花科不同属的两种蔬菜作物，两者的果实形状明显不同。茴香的果实较瘦长，稍弯曲；莳萝的果实扁平，侧棱延展成翅状；蜂斗菜与款冬则是菊科不同属的两种植物。作为蔬菜栽培的蜂斗菜原产日本，上海于30年代引进种植。而款冬是中国传统中药材。在日本“款冬”却被误用于“蜂斗菜”。中国版的各类《日汉词典》中也将“蜂斗菜”错译为“款冬”。我国出版的一些有关蔬菜的书籍中，将蜂斗菜与款冬相混淆。笔者认为这一谬误应予认真纠正。

There are a lot of vegetable species in Shanghai. Some vegetables are easily confused because of their similar botanical characters. Four confused vegetable species are distinguished one by one through taxonomic contrast and textual research of their origin in the thesis. Fennel and dill show fruit shapes obviously different,they belong to two different genera of Umbeliferae. Fruit of fennel is lanky and slightly curved,but that of dill is flat and its flank edge extends to be like wing. Butterbur and coltsfoot belong to two different genera of Compositae. Butterbur cultivated as vegetable originated from Japan and was introduced and planted in Shanghai in the 193Os,but coltsfoot is a traditional Chinese medicine. 'Colts-foot'in Chinese was confused with 'Butterbur' in Japan. 'Butterbur'in various kinds of 'Japanese-Chinese Dictionary' published in Chinese edition was wrongly translated into 'coltsfoot'. Butterbur in some books dealing with vegetables published in China was con-fused with coltsfoot. The authors consider that the above mistakes should be corrected.