不同类型屈光不正性弱视儿童的立体视觉

Evaluation of stereopsis in different type of ametropic amblyopia children

目的 了解屈光不正性弱视儿童立体视觉的状况.方法 对4～8岁,平均（5.2±1.8）岁,205例屈光不正性弱视儿童（其中散光性弱视65例、近视性30例、远视性110例）,应用颜少明等随机立体检查图及同视机,检测不同类型屈光不正性弱视儿童远融合范围、远近立体视、近零视差、交叉视差、非交叉视差立体感知度.结果 轻、中度屈光不正性弱视三种类型近零视差差异有统计学意义,远视性弱视较小,近视性次之,散光性最差（P均＜0.05）;远立体视有显著差异,远视性较好散光性较差（P均＜0.05）;重度弱视3型近零视差和远立体视均差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;远融合范围3型差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.弱视程度对弱视患者三级视功能有明显影响（P＜0.05）,程度越重影响越大.结论 弱视影响儿童期立体视觉建立,散光性弱视对立体视觉的影响大于近视性、远视性弱视儿童.

Objective To evaluate the stereopsis in different types of ametropic amblyopic children.Methods A total of 205 children between 4-8 years old with recovered ametropic amblyopia, including 65 of astigmatic amblyopia and 30 of myopic and 110 of hypermetropic, were involved in the subject. Using Yan＇s stereogram random dot synptophore stereogram and synoptophore, the distance fusion range, distance stereoacuity, approximationg zero disparity of these children were observed separately. Results In mild and moderate amblyopia there was significant difference in approximationg zero disparity and distance stereoacuity among astigmatic amblyopia and myopic and hypermetropic, within which astigmatic amblyopia the worst and hypermetropic amblyopia the best （P〈0.05）. No significant difference was found in the distance fusion range （P〉0.05）. Different type of ametropic amblyopic led no significant difference in severe amblyopia （P〉0.05） which caused worse influence to the stereopsis than mild and moderate degree （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions Amblyopia decrease children＇s stereopsis by degrees. Mild and moderate amblyopia, astigmatic amblyopia effect most severely,however hypermetropic effect the least. No significant difference is found among them in severe amblyopia.