短轮伐期桉树人工林科学施肥的研究

A Study on Fertilization of Short Rotation Eucalyptus Plantations

经多年对桉树不同土壤类型、不同树龄林分人工控制施肥量的肥料定位试验研究，结果表明：（１）桉树基肥施用效果明显，其肥效可持续５ａ以上，但其肥效随树龄增长而下降。基肥每株施有机肥２．５ｋｇ，配施Ｎ１５ｇ、Ｐ３０ｇ、Ｋ１５～３０ｇ和适量Ｂ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｎ微量元素为宜；（２）追肥效应因树龄而异，２年生大于３年生大于１年生，施肥以每株Ｎ３０～９０ｇ、Ｐ和Ｋ各１５～３０ｇ为宜；（３）植桉后土壤有机质大部分有不同程度下降，全Ｎ、全Ｐ、速效Ｎ变化不大，全Ｋ、速效Ｐ、速效Ｋ、Ｂ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ含量明显下降。综合以上研究结果提出短轮伐期桉树人工林科学施肥的建议。

Present paper dealt with the fertilizing quantities by artificial control on eucalyptus at different forest age in stationary experiment. The result show that(1) The effect were striking in basal manure on eucalyptus,its effect could continued for 5 years and more , but its effect come down along with the increase of forest age. The suitable playing quantities of basal manure were organic manure 2.5 kg,in harmony with N15P30K1530 and fit B,Zn,Cu per tree.(2)The effect of top dressing varied from forest age to forest age,that were 2 years old >3 years old>1 years old.The suitable playing quantities of top dressing were N3060,P1530,K1530.(3) After eucalyptus plantation the vast majority of soil organic were come down differently, total N, total P and available N were not striking,but soil total K,available P, K,B,Zn,and Cu were significantly come down. In addition,the paper comprehended those results for scientific fertilization of short rotation eucalyptus plantation.