两种不同诱因所致急性肺损伤动物模型的比较

Comparison of two ALI rat models induced by different etiological factors

目的比较脂多糖(LPS)和盐酸(HCl)两种诱因致急性肺损伤(ALI)的差异。方法 30只健康雄性SD大鼠随机均分为三组:生理盐水(NS)组(尾静脉注射)、LPS组(尾静脉注射)、HCl组(气管内滴入)。制模后观察4h处死,检测动脉血气及支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中细胞总数、中性粒细胞(PMN)百分比、蛋白含量和肺湿/干重比(W/D)、血清和BALF中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α),观察肺组织病理形态学改变并进行病理损伤评分。结果 LPS组、HCl组氧分压(PaO2)均低于NS组(P<0.01),且HCl组较LPS组更低(P<0.01);两组肺W/D、BALF中细胞总数、PMN%、蛋白含量、血清和BALF中TNF-α水平、ALI病理评分均明显高于NS组(P<0.01)。除肺W/D和ALI病理评分外,BALF中细胞总数、PMN%、蛋白含量、TNF-α水平HCl组均明显高于LPS组(P<0.01)。结论 ALI的发生发展与其致病因素密切相关;不同病因所致的ALI存在一定差异。

Objective To compare two acute lung injury（ALI）rat models induced by different drugs.Methods Thirty SD rats were divided randomly into 3 groups with 10 rats each.ALI model in group LPS was induced by lipopolysaccharide（LPS）,that in group HCl by hydrochloric acid（HCl）,and that in group NS was injected normal saline as the control.Blood samples were obtained for blood gas analysis and the total leukocytes,PMN%,protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid（BALF）and W/D ratio of the lungs were measured.The levels of TNF-α in serum and BALF were detected and pathological changes of lung tissue were graded microscopically.Results In the groups of LPS and HCl,PaO2 was significantly lower than that in group NS（P0.01）,which was lower in group HCl than that in group LPS（P0.01）.W/D ratio,total leukocytes,PMN% and protein concentration in BALF were higher in groups of LPS and HCl than those in group NS（P0.01）.Except W/D ratio and ALI pathological score,the other three indexes were significantly higher in group HCl than those in group LPS（P0.01）.The levels of TNF-α in serum and BALF were higher in groups of LPS and HCl than those in group NS（P0.01）.Serum TNF-α was higher in group LPS than that in group HCl（P0.01）.The level of TNF-α in BALF was higher in group HCl than that in group LPS（P0.01）.Conclusion The development of ALI is closely related to the etiological factors.ALI induced with different causes has different features.