胆管癌皮肤转移六例报告

Cutaneous metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma in six cases

目的 分析胆管癌皮肤转移的临床特点及治疗效果.方法 回顾性分析2006-2009年6例胆管癌发生皮肤转移的临床资料.病理观察有皮肤转移的6例与同期收治的无皮肤转移的60例胆管癌患者原发灶周围神经血管侵犯情况.每3个月定期对6例皮肤转移胆管癌患者进行随访.统计学分析采用χ2检验.结果 1例混合型肝细胞癌和胆管细胞癌,皮肤转移结节病理检查为胆管细胞癌;3例为肝门部胆管癌皮肤转移;2例为肝外胆管癌皮肤转移.病理学检查：6例原发灶和皮肤转移灶均为胆管中低分化癌,原发灶有周围神经和血管侵犯.60例无皮肤转移胆管癌中17例存在原发灶周围神经和血管侵犯.胆管癌皮肤转移与胆管癌原发灶周围神经血管侵犯有相关性（χ2=12.7288,P＜0.001）.6例中2例为单发转移,行皮肤肿瘤切除,分别存活8个月和10个月;4例为多发皮肤转移,其中2例接受化疗后存活3个月和6个月,2例放弃治疗存活3个月和4个月.结论 分化程度低且有周围神经血管侵犯的胆管癌容易发生皮肤转移;单发皮肤转移仍有手术机会,可以获得较好的治疗效果,多发皮肤转移预后差.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and therapeutic effects of cutaneous metastasis from cholangiocarcinoma. Methods From 2006 to 2009, clinical data of 6 patients found with cutaneous metastasis from cholangiocarcinoma were reported. Perineural and vascular invasion were all found in the primary cholangiocarcinoma in these 6 cases with cutaneous metastasis and results were compared with 60 cases of cholangiocarcinoma without cutaneous metastasis. Follow-up to the 6 patients with cutaneous metastases was conducted at an interval of three months. Results One patient with mixed hepatocellular and cholangiocellular carcinoma developed cutaneous metastatic tumor and the pathological diagnosis was cholangiocellular carcinoma. Three patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma and two patients with distal cholangiocarcinoma presented cutaneous metastases. All six cases of the primary cancers and cutaneous metastases were diagnosed as moderately- poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. And there was perineural and vascular invasion in the primary tumors. Perineural and vascular invasion of primary cancer was found in 17of 60 patients with cholangiocarcinoma and without cutaneous metastasis. The cutaneous metastasis was positively correlated to the perineural and vascular invasion in the primary tumor （χ2 = 12. 7288, P 〈0. 001 ）. Two of 6 cases presenting solitary nodular cutaneous metastasis received skin tumor excision. These two patients survived 8 and 10 months respectively. Among four patients with multiple cutaneous metastases,two cases received chemotherapy and survived 3 and 6 months respectively, the other two cases refusing treatment survived 3 and 4 months respectively. Conclusions Cutaneous metastasis usually occurred at cholangiocarcinoma with lower differentation and perineural and vascular invasion in the primary tumor.Solitary nodular cutaneous metastasis could be excised, multiple cutaneous metastases had poor prognosis.