红壤上不同改良材料对烤烟植物学性状及产量、质量的影响

Effect of Different Soil Conditioners onTobaccos Agronomic Characters,Yield and Quality in the Red Soil

对红壤中施入甘蔗渣、煤炭灰、大田营养土及三者混合物后烤烟的植物学性状、产量、质量进行了观察和研究．结果表明：加入甘蔗渣的处理比其它处理的烟株在生长早期发棵快、植株健壮，烟叶的产量较高，达２５５０３ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，比对照增产６３２％，烟株抗花叶病能力增强，烟叶糖分、施木克值、糖碱比高，烟碱含量降低，并且施入甘蔗渣能增加土壤中速效Ｋ，速效Ｐ，交换性Ｃａ，Ｍｇ等养分的含量；煤炭灰处理和大田营养土处理对烟株的生长、烟叶的产量无明显影响，但能提高烟株对花叶病的抵抗力，增加土壤速效Ｋ，速效Ｐ，交换性Ｃａ，Ｍｇ的含量和提高土壤ｐＨ值；混合材料处理的效果次于甘蔗渣处理．

The the effect of sugarcane bagasse,cinder and nutrition soil on tobaccos agronomic characters,yield and quality has been studied in red soil.Results suggest that the treatment applied with sugarcane bagasse promoted tobacco growth in early stage;It not only improved the tobaccos resisting against tobacco mosaic disease,but also increased yield significantly, which was of 2 5503 kg/hm2 and 632% higher than CK;the content of sugar,shmuk value and sugar/nicotine in leaves was higher and nicotine content lower;and the available K,P exchangeable Ca,Mg were increased in soil.The treatments applied with cinder and nutrition soil did not show influence significantly on growth and yield, but the resistant against tobacco mosaic was improved and available K,P, exchangeable Ca,Mg and pH value were increased in soil.The effect of mixture material of sugarcane bagasse,cinder and nutrition soil was at the middle level between the treatments above.