宁南半干旱地区春小麦农田微集水种植技术研究

Technique of spring wheat cultivation of farmland water microcollection in semiarid areas of Southern Ningxia

在宁南旱作农业区采用微集水种植方式，可有效地改善土壤供水能力、提高小麦产量和水分利用率。经试验，土壤供水能力提高１３２．３％～１８１．０％，小麦产量提高５５．０％～７５．１％，水分利用率水分利用率提高２．０４ｋｇ／（ｍｍ·ｈｍ２）～３．５９ｋｇ／（ｍｍ·ｈｍ２），达到７．１３ｋｇ／（ｍｍ·ｈｍ２）～８．８９ｋｇ／（ｍｍ·ｈｍ２）；处理中窄垄型增产效果优于宽垄型。该技术是适合于半干旱地区的一种能较好提高降水利用率的种植方式。

In the arid areas of Southern Ningxia, application of the cultivation of farmland water microcollection can effectively enhance the water supply capacity of soil and increase the yield and water use efficiency of wheat. Experimental results show that the water supply capacity of soil increases 132.3%￣181.0%, the wheat yield increases 55.0%￣75.1% and the water use efficiency reaches 7.13kg/(mmhm2)￣8.89kg/(mmhm2), while the yieldincreasing effect in the treatment with middle and narrow furrow is more remarkable than that with wide furrow. This technique proves suitable to semiarid areas for the purpose of increasing rainwater use efficiency.