黄土高原不同气候区的隔坡水平梯田集水机制及技术研究

Study on mechanism and technique of water harvesting at slope and level terrace in different climatic zones in loess plateau

应用小气候学理论和旱作技术原理，对陕西关中、陕北不同气候区旱作农业中隔坡梯田工程体系进行了分析研究，计算出坡地集水面积与梯田面积的比例：半干旱偏旱区为１１～１８∶１，半干旱区和半湿润偏旱区为８～１１∶１（一熟区为２～３∶１），半湿润区为３～４∶１（洛川为１∶１）；梯田地埂高度：坡度３°～５°坡地，取１ｍ～２ｍ高的地埂高度，５°～１０°内取２．５ｍ～３．０ｍ高度，１０°～１５°内取３．５ｍ埂高，此为旱作区集水农业的发展提供科学依据。

Based on microclimatic theory and dryland technique, water harvesting engineering of slope and level terrace was studied with different climatic zones for central and northern Shaanxi. The results are that the area of water harvesting and the area of level terrace are in the ratio of 1118 to 1 at semiarid areas susceptible to drought; 811 to 1 at semiarid and semihumid areas susceptible to drought;34 to 1 at semihumid areas (1 to 1 in luochuan),the sloping fields of 35, 510 and 1015 should be built 1.0 m2.0 m, 2.5 m3.0 m and 3.5 m at hight of land ridge respectively. These results could work as reference for dryland water harvesting