江西省城乡居民营养素养调查分析

Surveys on the nutrition literacy of 802 adults in Jiangxi province

目的了解江西省成年居民营养相关素养状况,为开展营养教育提供依据。方法在江西省南昌市选取两个大型企业,随机抽取400名成年人作为城市组调查对象。在江西省南丰县选取两个村庄,随机抽取402名成年人作为农村组调查对象。利用"营养教育效果综合评价问卷"对全部802名调查对象进行营养相关素养状况评价。结果城市居民营养知识、营养态度及问卷总得分高于农村居民。女性在饮食行为、社会环境影响、总得分方面高于男性,反映了女性对营养更为关注。营养素养在不同年龄组间差异未见显著性。随着受教育程度的提高,居民的营养素养状况逐渐提升,营养知识、营养态度、社会环境影响均在大专及以上组得分最高。结论此次调查反映了江西省城乡普通成年居民的营养素养状况,整体而言其处于中等偏下水平;其营养素养的高低受城乡、性别及受教育程度的影响,城市居民、女性及较高的受教育程度对营养素养是积极因素,应该在今后的营养改善及营养教育活动中加以充分考虑。

Objective To investigate the nutrition literacy status of adults in Jiangxi province and afford support for nutrition education.Methods Two large-scale factories from Nanchang,Jiangxi Province were selected,and then two hundred adults aged 18 to 59 years from each factory were cluster sampled as urban group.Two villages from Nanfeng County,Jiangxi Province were selected,and then two hundred and one adults aged 18 to 59 years from each village were cluster sampled as rural group.A comprehensive evaluation questionnaire on the effectiveness of nutrition education was used to evaluate the nutrition literacy of all subjects.Results The total scores of the questionnaire,the field of nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude were higher in urban adults than those in rural adults.The total scores of the questionnaire and the field of dietary behavior and social environment influence were better in females than in males,which indicated that the female put more attention on nutrition.There was no difference among age groups on nutrition literacy.The nutrition literacy increased with educational level.The highest score on nutrition knowledge,nutrition attitude and social environment influence fields were observed in the group with college education.Conclusion The study showed that the nutritional literacy status of adults in Jiangxi province was at a lower level,which was influenced by the area,gender and educational level.Urban adult,female and higher educational level were positive factors for nutrition literacy,which should be considered in nutrition improvement and nutrition education programs in the future.