从物理环境无障碍到信息服务无障碍:我国公共图书馆为残疾群体服务现状调研及问题、对策分析

From Physical Environment Accessibility to Information Accessibility: Survey and Analysis of Problem and Countermeasure of Public Library Services to the Disabled in China

图书馆为残疾群体服务旨在为残疾人提供信息获取和利用的均等机会,保障残疾人平等享有、参与和利用图书馆服务的基本权利。尽管图书馆在无障碍设施建设,专门阅览空间设立,盲文、有声读物和数字资源提供,残疾人电脑培训及其他服务活动多元化等方面取得了较大的进步,但仍然存在馆藏特殊载体资料陈旧、缺乏统一揭示和共享,服务人员意识与技能欠缺,残疾人专门阅览空间建设欠规范化和利用率低下,服务活动单一、非持续性与边缘化等问题。为实现图书馆残疾人服务的常规化或主流化,图书馆界应在理念变革、服务创新和持续开展以及相关制度支持等方面努力提高服务水平。

Library Services to the disabled aim at giving the disabled equal opportunities on accessing information and to protect their rights of participating in and using library services. Chinese public libraries have made great improvements on accessible buildings, special reading room, Braille, talking bookings and digital resources, computer training for the disabled, and other programs. However, there are still many problems need to be solved. Firstly, special collections in many libraries are old and scarce, and few libraries catalogue and share them in the OPAC. Secondly, librarians responsible for services to the disabled people are lack of advanced service awareness and skills. Thirdly, special reading rooms for the disabled people are not built according to consistent standard and seldom used by the disabled. Last but not the least, service programs are monotonous, unsustainable, and marginalized. To mainstream services to the disabled, libraries should make more efforts on enhancing service awareness, services innovation, and relevant institutional support.