宽尾墩三元水跃特性试验研究

Experimental study on flow characteristics of 3D hydraulic jump of flaring gate piers

通过传统二元水跃与宽尾墩三元水跃形成及发展机理的类比,借助水工模型试验,对宽尾墩三元水跃特征跃高Ht、特征跃长Lt与来流流能比K之间的关系进行了研究。研究结果表明:微淹没临界状态下的宽尾墩三元水跃特征跃长Lt与跃高Ht均可回归为流能比的一次线性函数,流能比较小时,三元水跃跃高比二元水跃略低一些,随着流能比的增加,两种水跃跃高趋于相同;宽尾墩三元水跃跃长比二元水跃减小约50%,随着流能比的增加,减小幅度还会有所增加。利用经验式对已建或在建工程消力池体型参数进行了计算分析,结果表明,采用宽尾墩消能工可显著缩短消力池长度,戽式消力池可缩短的更多。

Based on the comparison of flow patterns of ordinary 2D hydraulic jump and 3D hydraulic jump formed by flaring gate piers, the relation ship between flow energy ratio （K） and eigen-height （H,） as well as eigen-length （ Lt ） of the 3D jump were studied by model test. It is found that the eigen-height ＆ eigen-length is linear function of flow energy ratio in initial submerge of 3D jump. The 3D hydraulic jump height is lower than that of 2D hydraulic jump at small flow energy ratio, and this trend tends downward with increase of flow energy ratio. The 3D hydraulic jump length shorter than 2D hydraulic jump by 50%, and this trend tends to upward with increase of flow energy ratio. It is found that the stilling basin length can be shortened significantly by using flaring gate piers, espcially for bucket basin.