大学生实践能力的形成及其培养机制

On the Formation Mechanism of College Students' Practical Ability

大学生实践能力包括一般实践能力、专业实践能力和综合实践能力,每种实践能力都由知识和相应技能两大基本要素构成。实践能力形成的心理机制可以概括为知识向技能的转化、内化与迁移的过程。提高大学生的实践能力,应包括转变师生的传统观念、创设多样化的实践活动环境、采取有针对性的教学模式及创建多元的实践共同体等策略。

College students＇ practical ability can be divided into three kinds,such as general practical ability,professional practical ability and integrated practical ability.Each of practical ability is formed by knowledge and its corresponding skill.In the perspective of psychology,the formation mechanism of practical ability can be concluded as the process of transformation,internalization and transfer from knowledge to skill.To improve college students＇ practical ability,such tactics should be employed as follows,changing faculty and students＇ traditional ideas,creating multiple practical environment,adopting target-oriented teaching model,and forming the multi-component practical community.