语法隐喻的语义关系与转级向度研究

A study of semantic relations and rankshift directions in grammatical metaphor

本文从认知语义层面解读语法隐喻中隐喻式与一致式之间的语义关系、转级向度以及语义映射和转级的理据等问题。研究发现语法隐喻的一致式与隐喻式之间在语义层面上存在转喻关系;从历时的视角来看,从一致式到隐喻式的语义映射和转级具有单向性,而在共时层面两种表达式之间的语义映射和转级具有双向性。语法隐喻语义映射的方向及转级向度取决于情景语境和交际意图。

This article first analyzes the semantic relations between grammatical and congruent expressions from a cognitive perspective,and then explores the directionality of rankshift between congruent and metaphorical forms,as well as the motives of semantic mappings and rankshifts in grammatical metaphor.It is found that a congruent expression and its metaphorical counterpart(s) are metonymically related,and that the semantic mapping and the rankshift from the congruent expression to its metaphorical counterpart(s) is unidirectional from a diachronic perspective,while such mapping and shift may be bidirectional from a synchronic perspective.The directions of semantic mappings and rankshifts in grammatical metaphor depend on situational contexts and communicative intentions.