基于MATLAB平台的传感器优化布置工具箱的开发及应用

Development of MATLAB based optimal sensor placement toolbox and its application

传感器的合理布置是结构健康监测系统有效实施的关键技术之一。总结了几种常用的传感器优化布置准则和方法,以大型科学计算软件MATLAB作为平台,基于命令行M文件编程和GUI辅助的图形界面设计两种方式,集成开发一个传感器优化布置工具箱,功能涵盖:逐步累积法、逐步消去法、广义遗传算法以及有效独立法;详细介绍工具箱的构建流程和操作方法,并以东北第一高楼大连世贸大厦为例,进行传感器优化布置方案的选择,结果表明该工具箱界面友好、操作简便、功能丰富、扩展性好,能为结构健康监测系统快速地提供一套传感器优化布置方案。

The determination of an optimal sensor placement（OSP） is critical in the construction and implementation of an effective structural health monitoring（SHM） system.The common OSP principles and methods are summarized,and taking the software MATLAB as a platform,an OSP toolbox is developed based on command-line M-files compilation and GUI-aided graphical interface design.The function of the toolbox includes forward sequential sensor placement（FSSP）,backward sequential sensor placement（BSSP）,generalized genetic algorithm（GGA） and effective independence method（EfI）.The building process and operation method for the toolbox are introduced in detail,and the scheme selection of OSP is carried out for the tallest building in northeastern China-the Dalian World Trade Building by using the developed toolbox.The results indicate that the software package has friendly interface,plenty of functions and good expansibility,and can be effectively applied in practice.