不同养分配比对超级杂交早稻生长发育与产量的影响

Effects of Different Nutrient Ratios on Growth and Yield of Super Hybrid Early Rice

以不施肥料为对照,研究了6种不同氮、磷、钾养分配比对超级早稻生长发育、干物质积累和产量的影响。结果表明:N、P、K肥料合理配合施用能促进超级稻的分蘖,表现为水稻分蘖发生快、成穗率高的特点;增大水稻群体叶片总面积;提高氮肥农学利用率和氮肥偏生产力。各处理植株根系和地上部分干物质积累量均明显高于对照;同时,能有效地改善水稻的产量构成因素,提高水稻产量。其中,以T4处理水稻产量最高,为7 608.0 kg/hm2,比对照增加30.29%;其次为T1、T2与T3处理,产量分别为7 306.5、7 174.5、7 107 kg/hm2,分别比对照增加25.12%、22.86%和21.19%;T5与T6处理的水稻产量分别为6 741.0、6 439.5 kg/hm2,分别比对照增加15.44%和10.27%。

The effects of six nutrient ratios of combination of nitrogen,phosphorus and potash on growth and development,dry matter accumulation and grain yield of super hybrid early rice in Dongting Lake region were studied,and the treatment with non-fertilizer was taken as control.The results showed that combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potash reasonably could enhance the percentage of ear-bearing tillers in general,increase total leaf area of super hybrid early rice,and enhance agronomic nitrogen use efficiency and partial factor production of applied nitrogen;the dry matter accumulation in root system and aerial part of plant in each treatment was obviously higher than that in control;meanwhile,the combined application of nitrogen,phosphorus and potash reasonably can improve the yield components and yield of rice effectively,in which the treatment of T4 had the highest rice yield with 7 608.0 kg/hm2,which increased by 30.29% than that of control;the yield of T1,T2,T3 T5 and T6 was 7 306.5 kg/hm2,7 174.5 kg/hm2,7 107 kg/hm2,6 741.0 kg/hm2 and 6 439.5 kg/hm2,respectively,which increased by 25.12%,22.86%,21.19%,15.44% and 10.27% than that of control.