10至14世纪中期京兆府城城市行政管理研究

A View of Urban Executive Administration of the Prefecture of Jingzhao Between the 10th and 14th Centuries

10世纪初唐迁都洛阳,原都城长安改建为京兆府城,由此至14世纪中期即元末的460余年中,城市管理发生了巨大变化:五代至北宋,城市中设厢,厢下设坊,以管理城市居民;金代形成了独立的城市行政管理机构——录事司,以城市内部作为管理范围,与附郭县平行地隶属于京兆府;元代继承了金代制度,亦设录事司管理城市,并明确其职能为"掌城中户民之事"。对这一个过程进行系统研究,有助于深入了解我国古代城市行政管理制度的演变过程。

At the beginning of the 10th century, the Tang Court moved its capital from Chang＇ an to Luoyang. Chang＇ an, the former capital was rebuilt into the site of Jingzhao Prefecture. During the following 460 years, that is, the late Yuan Dynasty, great changes tookm place in the administration of the town of Jingzhao. From the Five Dynasties to the North Song Dynasty, in order to administrate urban residents, districts were established, which were utive in turn re-divided into workshops. Till the Jing Dynasty s secretarial office was introduced as an separate exec- organ of urban administration, which were equal to adjourning counties, subordinate to Jingzhao Prefecture as governmental branch of the urban interior. This system of urban administration was succeeded by the Yuan Dynas- ty, which identified it clearly as the ＂ administrator of urban residents in town＂. Thus a systematic study of this course of historical changes will help to deeply understand the evolution of executive system of urban administration in the ancient times of our country.