大籽獐牙菜化学成分的研究

Chemical constituents of Swertia macrosperma

目的：对龙胆科Gentianaceae獐牙菜属植物大籽獐牙菜Swertia macrosperma的干燥全草进行化学成分研究。方法：大籽獐牙菜的干燥全草用水提取,依次用石油醚、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取,对乙酸乙酯萃取部分采用各种柱色谱进行分离纯化,通过波谱数据分析（1H-NMR,13C-NMR,MS）进行结构鉴定。结果：从乙酸乙酯萃取部分分离鉴定了13个化合物,其中5个酮及其苷,2个裂环烯醚萜苷,以及6个其他类化合物。分别鉴定为norbellidifolin（1）,1-羟基-3,7,8-三甲氧基酮（1-hydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxyxanthone,2）,norswertianolin（3）,swertianolin（4）,1,3,7,8-四羟基酮-1-O-β-D葡萄糖苷（1,3,7,8-tetrahydroxyxanthone-1-O-β-D-glucopyranoside,5）,獐牙菜苦苷（swertiamarin,6）,decentapicrin（7）,松柏醛（coniferl aldehyde,8）,芥子醛（sinapaldehyde,9）,balanophonin,（10）,β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol,11）,胡萝卜苷（daucosterol,12）,齐墩果酸（olean-olic acid,13）。结论：其中化合物2,4~10为首次从大籽獐牙菜中分离得到。

Objective： To study the chemical constituents of Swertia macrosperma.Method： The air-dried whole plants of Swertia macrosperma were extracted with boiling water.The extract was concentrated to a small amount of volume and extracted with petroleum ether,EtOAc and n-BuOH,successively.The compounds were isolated and purified by column chromatography from the EtOAc fraction,and identified based on spectral analyses（MS,1H-NMR,13C-NMR）.Result： Thirteen compounds were isolated from S.macrosperma,and were characterized as norbellidifolin（1）,1-hydroxy-3,7,8-trimethoxy-xanthone（2）,norswertianolin（3）,swertianolin（4）,1,3,7,8-tetrahydroxyxanthone-8-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（5）,swertiamatin（6）,decentapicrin（7）,coniferl aldehyde（8）,sinapaldehyde（9）,balanophonin（10）,together with β-sitosterol,daucosterol,and oleanolic acid.Cloclusion： Compounds 2,4-10 were obtained from Swertia macrosperma for the first time.