赛艇训练、上呼吸道感染与唾液中sIgA的关系

Rowing,Upper Respiratory Tract Infections and Salivary SIgA

目的:通过监测八周赛艇训练,研究运动训练对唾液sIgA的影响,探讨运动、sIgA与上呼吸道感染间的关系。方法:以某大学赛艇队15名运动员为研究对象,其中男性8名、女性7名。唾液的采集日期为训练开始后的连续5个训练日(第一周)、第10天(第二周)、第17天(第三周)、第23天(第四周)及第53天(第八周)。结果:训练课后唾液中sIgA浓度和分泌率与运动课前相比显著上升(P<0.05)。训练开始后第一周,唾液中sIgA浓度和分泌率有下降的趋势,但无显著性差异(P>0.05)。训练开始后第10天、17天及23天上午训练课前的sIgA浓度和分泌率与训练第一天相比显著降低(P<0.05)。上呼吸道感染患病者训练课前sIgA浓度与分泌率显著低于非患病者(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,唾液中sIgA浓度低于85μg/ml时,患上呼吸道感染的危险度是高于85μg/ml时的3.07倍(OR=3.07;95%可信区间:1.05-8.93;P<0.05)。结论:训练课后,唾液sIgA水平显著升高;长期训练的蓄积作用导致sIgA水平下降;监测唾液sIgA水平可能预测上呼吸道感染的发生。

The impact of 8-week training program by rowers on salivary slgA was studied to examine the relationship between the salivary sIgA and the training or the incidence of upper respiratory tract infection（ URTI）. Methods：A university rowing team was recruited as subjects,which consisted of 8 male and 7 female rowers. The rowers were followed over 8 week training season, with saliva collected every training day in the first week, one day in the second, third, fourth and the eighth week. Results： Taken together each bout of exercise during 8-week training, sIgA concentration （μg/ml） and sIgA secretion rate（μg/min） of post-exercise increased significantly than pre-exercise（ P 〈 0.01 ）. Over the 8-week training season, there were significant decreases in the concentration and secretion rate of sIgA in the second, third and fourth week （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The sIgA concentration and the secretion rate of the rowers with URTI were significant lower than that of non-infected ones（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Logistic analysis showed that the risk of URTI with sIgA concentration below 85μg/ml is 3.07 times significantly higher than above 85 μg/ml （ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion： Salivary sIgA increase after a bout of moderate intensity exercise, intense daily exercise appear to have a cumulative effect on mucosal immunity and monitoring salivary sIgA may predict the onset of URTI.