黄花美冠兰生长发育规律及主要营养元素含量变化的研究

The Regularity of Development and Some Mineral Elements Content of Eulophia flava

对黄花美冠兰[Eulophia flava(Lindl.)Hook.f.]地上部与地下部的生长动态进行了观察,分析了各时期叶片和新假鳞茎中N、P、K、Ca和Mg元素在干物质中的含量。结果表明:2007年1月26日栽植的黄花美冠兰开花母球,在1个半月后迅速进入花期,花芽生长迅速;新形成的假鳞茎的生长速度较慢,横径和纵径的生长速度几乎一致;6月以后新假鳞茎的生长速度加快,但纵径的生长速度大于横径,10月开始生长速度又变慢,11月末以后几乎停止生长。在整个生长期,新假鳞茎的直径大小变化与干鲜重的变化规律基本一致,但不同时期的变化幅度不同。总体来说,随着新假鳞茎的不断生长,N、P、K和Ca的含量不断增加,到后期含量基本稳定或略有下降;而Mg的含量在6月底达到最大值,随后下降再缓慢上升至稳定。

The development patterns of the Eulophia flava（Lindley） Hooker f.,both above ground and underground,were analyzed,as well as the absorption regularity patterns of N,P,K,Ca and Mg in different periods.The results showed that the change regularity of new corm diameter size coincidented with the change of fresh and dried weight,and how the changes varied in different periods.The new corm’s diameter size increased slowly and flower bud grew fast during one month and a half after planting,the growth rate of longitudinal diameter was the same as the diameter of the growth rate;The new corm grew fast after June,however,the growth rate of longitudinal diameter was greater than the diameter of the growth rate,at the begin of October the new corm grew slowly and stopped growing at the end of November.During this growth period,the absorption of N and K were bigger than P.During the later stage of the new corm’s growth,the absorption amount of K became large and the peak value appeared in the end of October.To some certain extent,the absorption of Ca and Mg was related to the E.flava’s growth above ground.