2010年海南岛北部一次强对流天气的特征分析

Characteristic Analysis of a Severe Convective Weather in Northern Hainan Island in 2010

利用1°×1°的NCEP全球再分析资料和常规气象要素、中尺度自动站、多普勒雷达等资料针对2010年6月1日海南岛北部一次强对流天气发生、发展过程进行分析。结果表明：（1）强对流天气发生在对流层中层南支槽与低层暖湿切变共同作用的天气尺度背景下,700600 hPa之间的干冷侵入是对流触发的主要机制之一,由于低层水汽偏少,不利强降水的发展,造成此过程风大雨小;（2）多普勒雷达产品可以清楚反映低层风场切变以及冷暖平流的发展演变,因此可弥补探空资料的不足,为临近预报提供一定的参考;（3）强对流天气一般在地面风场切变线出现之后3050 min后发生,这对强对流天气的预报有指示作用;（4）近地层的东南暖湿气流以及850 hPa西南暖湿气流的输送为此次过程对流发展提供充足水汽条件。

Based on 1°×1° NCEP reanalysis data,conventional meteorological data,auto station data,and Doppler radar echo,the development of severe convective weather generated in 1 June,2010 in northern Hainan Island was analyzed.The results were as follows ： ①The interaction of the southern trough in midlevel and the warm-humid shear in low-level troposphere provided favorable synoptic scale dynamic conditions to the genesis of this severe convective weather.Dry and cold intrusion at 700600 hPa was a necessary trigger condition for this convection development.The lack of adequate vapor necessary for the generation of strong precipitation led to strong wind but less rain in this process.②Doppler radar products could clearly reflected the evolution of low-level wind,wind shear as well as warm and cold advection,which played a complementary role on the analysis of radiosonde data,thus provided some reference for weather nowcasting.③Severe convective weather occurred 3050 minutes after the emergence of surface wind shear line,which are indicative for severe convective weather start time.④The southeast warm air delivered from surface layer as well as the southwest warm air delivered from 850 hPa level provided together adequate moisture conditions for this process.