中国城市化效率及其影响因素——基于随机前沿生产函数的分析

The Efficiency and Determinants of China's Urbanization

从人口、经济和社会角度研究中国城市化效率,考察其时空演变和影响因素,并对中国城市化的全要素生产率做了动态分析和区域比较。结果显示,中国城市化效率缓慢增长,城市间效率差异显著,但效率差距是逐渐缩小的。城市的初始状态、区位、空间集聚水平、产业结构效益与基础设施水平对各城市化效率存在显著的正向作用,人口因素和政府的作用却限制了城市化效率的提高。技术进步是推进中国城市化的主要动力,规模效率和资源配置效率则对各城市化分别表现出不同的作用。

The paper conducts an analysis on the efficiency of urbanization from the point of population, economy and society, and explores the space-time evolution trends and the determinants of the efficiency in China＇s urbanization, and further tests the dynamic performances and regional comparison of total factor productivity in urbanization. The results show that the efficiency of China＇s urbanization experienced a slow growth process in recent years, and there is significant gap in efficiency between cities, but this gap is gradually reduced. The city＇s initial level of development, location, spatial agglomeration level, industrial benefits and the level of infrastructure have statistically significant positive effect on all efficiency, but the population and the governmental finance limit the growth of efficiency. Teehnological progress tends to be the main driving force in promoting China＇s urbanization process, scale efficiency and efficiency of resource allocation have different effect on each efficiency index respectively.